The book discusses the concept of environment, which encompasses the physical and social conditions affecting human life, while ecology focuses on the relationships between organisms and their surroundings. Understanding the dynamic nature of both environment and ecology is essential. This comprehensive book addresses fundamental ideas related to Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity, Climate Change, and Sustainable Development, all of which are part of the Civil Services Examination. The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is discussed in this book, which also addresses significant worldwide challenges like deforestation, pollution, energy, climate change, global warming, and sustainability. It is organized into 11 chapters, including topics such as environment, ecology, ecosystem functions, environmental pollution, biodiversity, conservation and management of biodiversity, climate change, climate change conferences and conventions, environmental planning and management, sustainable development, and disaster management. Management. Environmental Glossary